Rebetiko
| Subclass of | Greek folk music  |
|---|---|
| Inception | 1850 |
| Country of origin | Greece |
| Intangible cultural heritage status | Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity |
| Described at URL | https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/01291, https://ich.unesco.org/fr/RL/01291, https://ich.unesco.org/es/RL/01291 |
Rebetiko (Hela: ρεμπέτικο, wɔbɔ no [re(m)ˈbetiko]), dodow kabea rebetika (ρεμπέτικα [re(m)ˈbetika]), a ɔtɔfabi a wɔkyerɛ ase dɛ rembetiko anaa rebetico, yɛ asɛmfua a wɔdze dzi dwuma ndɛ dze kyerɛ Hela ndwom ahorow a ahyɛse no na ɔsor no mu biara wɔ nkurow akɛse mu wɔ 1930 mfe no mu no ɔfaa ndwom a ɔnye no ho dzi nsɛ mu na ɔkɔr do yɛɛ ndwom a ɔda nsew kɛse.
Yebotum aka Rebetiko ho asɛm tsiaba dɛ Helafo ndwom a agye dzin wɔ nkurow akɛse mu, tsitsir ehiafo sen obiara, fitsi afeha a ɔtɔ do 19 ewiei kesi 1950 mfe no mu, na ɔyɛɛ ngyinado maa nkɔdo fofor wɔ Helafo ndwom a agye dzin mu. Wɔsan huu ndwom a nna ne fa bi werɛ efi no wɔ ma wɔfrɛ no rebetika nkanyan a ɔhyɛɛ ase wɔ 1960 mfe no mu na ɔkɔr do kɔr ekyir fitsi 1970 mfe no ahyɛse no mu.[1]
Afe 2017 mu no, wɔdze rebetiko kɛkaa "UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists" ho.
Nkyerɛkyerɛ mu na Abɔse
[sesa mu | sesa ekyirsɛm]Asɛmfua rebetiko (dodow kabea rebetika) yɛ adzeyɛ asɛm a wonyae fii Hela asɛmfua rebetis (Hela kasa mu: ρεμπέτης, wɔbɔ [re(m)ˈbetis]) mu. Ndɛ wɔkyerɛ asɛmfua rebetis ase dɛ ɔkyerɛ obi a ɔdze suban, ntaehyɛ, suban, abrabɔ pa na abrabɔ pa afa horow a ɔbata amambra kakraba pɔtsee bi ho ka ho. Asɛmfua rebetis ne nkyerɛase da ho ara yɛ asɛm a ekyingye na adwen ndayɛ wɔ mu rebetiko ho ɔbemfo a odzi kan, Elias Petropoulos, na ndɛyi Helanyi nsɛmfua kyerɛwfo Giorgos Babiniotis, nyinara dze nsɛm ahorow a wɔahyɛ ho nyansa dɛ ofi mu ba ma, naaso wɔgyaw asɛmbisa no.
Asɛmfua rebetis no nkyerɛase da ho ara yɛ asɛm a ekyingye na adwen ndayɛ wɔ mu; rebetiko ho ɔbemfo a odzi kan, Elias Petropoulos, nye ndɛyi Helani nsɛmfua kyerɛwfo Giorgos Babiniotis, nyinara dze nsɛm ahorow a wɔahyɛ ho nyansa dɛ ofi mu ba ma, naaso wogyaw asɛmbisa no ano. Wohu asɛmfua no fibea a odzi kan dze besi ndɛ wɔ Hela-Latin nsɛm asekyerɛ nhoma bi a wotsintsimii wɔ Leiden, Holland wɔ afe 1614 a wɔkyerɛɛ asɛmfua ῥεμπιτός ase dɛ ‘ɔkyinkyin’, ‘anifuraefo’, ‘ɔfa kwan a ɔnntse’, na ma ɔkeka ho.
Ndwom ahyɛse
[sesa mu | sesa ekyirsɛm]Ɔwɔ mu dɛ ndɛ wobu rebetiko dɛ ndwom kor dze, naaso wɔ ndwom mu no, Europa ndwom mu ndzɛmba bi a wɔaka abɔ mu, ndwom a ɔwɔ mbea ahorow a ɔwɔ Hela asaasepɔn no do nye Hela nsupɔw do, Helafo Ortodɔks asɔr ndwom, a wɔtaa frɛ no Byzantine ndwom, na modal tsetsesɛm a ɔfa Ottoman edwindze ndwom na café ndwom ho.
Ndwom na ngyegyee a ne ndze ho hia
[sesa mu | sesa ekyirsɛm]'Smyrna Style Trio (1932) mfonyin
[sesa mu | sesa ekyirsɛm]Dimitrios Semsis (lyra), Agapios Tomboulis (banjo) na Roza Eskenazi, Smyrna Trio (Athens, 1932)
Ntsi wɔtaa bu rebetiko ndwom dodow no ara ndwom dɛ odzi ekyir dromoi kor anaa ma ɔbor dɛm (δρόμοι, Hela kasa mu ma ‘akwan’ anaa ‘akwan’; koryɛ na dromos (δρόμος).[nb 1] Wonya dromoi dzin no wɔ ne nyinara mu gye nsɛm kakraa bi[nb 2] fii ahorow ahorow dzin mu Turkeyfo modes, a wɔsan frɛ no makam.