Virunga Ɔdomankoma abɔdze Prama

national park
Inception	1925
Native label	Parc national des Virunga
IUCN protected areas category	IUCN category II: National Park
Country	Democratic Republic of the Congo
Located in the administrative territorial entity	North Kivu, Orientale Province
Location	Democratic Republic of the Congo
Coordinate location	0°30′0″S 29°30′0″E
Authority	Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature
Creator	Albert I of Belgium
Significant event	list of World Heritage in Danger
Significant place	Goma
Heritage designation	World Heritage Site, Ramsar site
Hɔn wɛbsaet	https://virunga.org
World Heritage criteria	(vii), (viii), (x)

Virunga Ɔdomankoma abɔdze Prama yɛ ɔman mmɔntsen do atrae a ɔwɔ Albertine Rift Bon mu wɔ Demokrasi Ɔman a ɔwɔ Congo no mu apuei fam. Wɔyɛɛ no afe 1925. Wɔ sorokɔ mu no, efir mita 680 (anammɔn 2,230) wɔ Semliki Asubɔntsen bon no mu kosi mita 5,109 (anammɔn 16,762) wɔ Rwenzori Mmepɔw no do. Efi atsifi fam kosi anafo fam no ɔtrɛw bɛyɛ kilomita 300 (akwansin 190), a ne fa kɛse no ara fa amanaman ntam ahye a ɔnyi Uganda na Rwanda wɔ apuei fam no do. Nye kɛse yɛ 8,090 km² (3,120 sq mi).

Ogya bepɔw ebien wɔ prama no do hɔ, Bepɔw Nyiragongo na Nyamuragira. Mbepɔw yi boa wiramu mbowa na hɔn tsenabea ara yei wɔ prama no do hɔ. Mbowa na nhyiren a wɔwɔ hɔ dodow bɔbor mpem ebiasa(3,000) a hɔn mu ahaabiasa(300) na no mboree fi Albertine Rift a nkweku(Gorilla beringei) na ndow a hɔn ahosu tse dɛ sika kɔkɔɔ(Cercopithecus kandti).

Wɔ afe apem ahaakrɔn eduosuon-akrɔn mu no, UNESCO dze Prama yi ka wiadze egyapadze a ɔwɔ tsenabea ahorow, mboadoma soronko a wofi hɔ ara, na bambɔ a wɔdze ma bepɔw mu nkweku a hɔn ho yɛ na hɔn tsenabea.

Abakɔsɛm

Wɔ afe apem ahaakrɔn aduonu(1920) n'ahyɛse no, Europefo kuw a wɔkora ndzɛmba do no dodow ara dzi egyinamu dɛ wɔbɛbɔ bea a ɔwɔ Belgium Congo etsifi-epuei hɔ ho ban, a na Victor van Straelen, Jean Massart na Jean-Marie Derscheid ka ho. Ber a wɔdze Albert National Park sii hɔ wɔ bosoom Ebɔbira wɔ afe apem ahaakrɔn eduonu-enum mu (April 1925) dɛ Congo ɔman no n'abɔdze prama a odzi kan no, wosusuii dɛ ɔyɛ abɔdze mu nyansapɛ akorae a na hɔn botae nye dɛ wobesua hamu mbowa na dza wɔfrɛ hɔn Afrika Pygmies a wɔyɛ abɔmbɔfo a wɔboaboa hɔn ano a ‘wɔyɛ mfitsiasedze’ no ho adze na wɔakora do. Wɔ afe apem ahaakrɔn eduonu-esia mu(1926) no, Derscheid dzii Belgium asɛmpatsrɛw adwuma a odzi kan a wɔdze yɛɛ Albert Ɔman Mmoa Yɛmmea no ho mfonini, a na ɔka asase a nye kɛse yɛ kilomita ahaenum(500) (kwansin ɔha nye eduokrɔn 190 sq mi) etwa ogya mmepɔw Bepɔw Karisimbi na Bepɔw Mikeno a na ayer no ho ahyia no anyim. Wɔtsrɛww bea a hɔn abɔ ho ban no mu wɔ afe apem ahaakroɔn eduonu-akroɔn mu (1929) dzenam Virunga Ɔman Mbowanyɛn bea a na ɔka Virunga Mmepɔw, Rutshuru Asasesin no afa horow, na asasetaw a ɔwɔ Ɔtare Edward anafo fam no do. Wɔmaa nyi kɛse a edzi kan a ɔyɛ kilomita mpem ebien ɔhaakron eduonu nsɛntsitsir eduakron awɔtwe - (2,920.98 km2) (1,127.80 sq mi) no yɛɛ kɛse anammɔn anammɔn wɔ mfe a edzi hɔ no mu. Abibifo hweree hɔn atsetsesɛm asase hokwan wɔ saa adzeyɛ yi mu, na wɔpam hɔn fir bea a hɔn abɔ ho ban no. Wɔ 1930 mfe no awiei na 1955 ntam no, wobu akontsaa dɛ wɔdze Rwandofofo bɛyɛ 85,000 kɔɔ Masisi a ɔbɛn hɔ wɔ Kivu Atsifi fam.

Wɔ afe duakron eduasa aanan mu (1934) no, wɔhyehyɛɛ Institut des Parcs Nationaux du Congo Belge dɛ ɔman mmɔntsen do atrae ahorow a ɔwɔ Belgian Congo no sodzikuw. Wɔ afe duakron eduasa (1930) mfe no mfiase na afe duakron eduesia ɛkoro (1961) ntam no, Belgian nyansahufo yɛɛ akwantu ahorow pii kɔɔ Albert National Park, na Gaston-François de Witte na odii nea ɔtɔ do ebien no anyim. Wɔyɛɛ mmoa ho nhwehwɛmu na wɔboaboaa wuram mmoa ho nhwɛdodze ano maa Musée Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique; wɔhwehwɛɛ mmusuakuw a ɔwɔ saa bea yi; suaa ogya bepɔw dwumadzi, na ndzɛmba a hɔn atutu fam ahu.

Wɔ afe duakron eduenum mu (1950) mfe no awiei no, Tutsi mmoahwɛfo nyi hɔn anantwi hyɛn abɔntsen do atrae hɔ, na ɔsɛee abɔdze mu atrae a ɔkɔ sor kodu mita mpem ebasa (3,000) - (anammɔn mpem akron ɔhaawɔtwe - 9,800), a na wosusuw dɛ ɔdze atrae no mu akɔre no bɛto esiane mu.

Wɔyɛɛ nsakrae wɔ asase ho mmara mu wɔ afe duakron eduesia mu (1960) mfe no mu ber a Belgian Congo nyaa ahofadzi dɛ Ɔman a ɔwɔ Congo no akyi, na wɔdze asase no too gua dɛ ɔyɛ ɔman no dea, na ɔmaa ɔhɔfo nyaa ɔhaw kɛse. Abɔmmɔ a mmara mma ho kwan wɔ mmeae a hɔn abɔ ho ban mu no kɔɔ sor. Wɔ afe duakron eduesia akron mu (1969) no, wɔdze mmɔntsen do atrae ebien no boom wɔ edzin Virunga National Park ase, a wɔdze too gua dɛ ɔyɛ UNESCO Wiase Egyapadze wɔ afe duakron eduesɔn akron mu (1979).

Wɔ afe duakron eduakron esia mu (1996) no, wɔkyerɛw ɔman no mmɔntsen do atrae no dɛ Ramsar bea a ɔho hia amanaman ntam.

Wɔ afe mu (2011) no, wɔmaa Britania adwumakuw Soco International kwan dɛ wontu ngo a wɔmfa nhyehyɛ mu wɔ ɔman no mmɔntsen do atrae no ho na mmeae akɛse. Aban mpanyimfo boaa nhwehwɛmu dwumadzi ahorow a Soco International asɛmpatrɛwfo no yɛe no, ber a mmɔntsen do atrae do ahwɛfo kasa tsiaa no. Wɔ ɔhaw a ɔrekɔ sor no mu no, wɔtow hyɛɛ abɔntsen do atrae no sohwɛfo panyin, Emmanuel de Mérode, do wɔ April 2014 mu. Amanaman ntam ɔsɔretia akyi no, adwumakuw no gyaee dwumadzi ahorow a wɔhwehwɛ mu na wɔpenee do dɛ wɔbɛkwatsi dɛ wobefi adwuma a ɔtse dɛm ara ase wɔ mmeae a ɔbɛn Wi/adze Egyapadze no.

Ɔduruu afe 2016 no, wɔsii nsuo mu ahoɔdzen atare anan a ɔma nnwuma nketewa nya anyinam ahoɔdzen na ɔboa nkuraasefo bɛbor mpem ahaebien (200,000).

Akodze a Wɔdze Dzi Ako

Efi afe duakron eduakron (1990) mfe no mfiase no, amammui mu basabasayɛ a ɔkɔɔ do wɔ Afrika Atare akɛse mantam mu no nyaa bea a hɔn abɔ ho ban no do nkɛntsɛndo. Wɔ Rwanda mmusuakuw asetɔre no akyi no, aguanfo mpempem pii guan kɔɔ Kivu mantam mu, na asraafo a na wɔwɔ hɔ no yɛɛ kɛse. Congo Ko a edzi kan na nea ɔtɔ do ebien no maa ɔmantam no mu yɛɛ basaa kɛse. Wosiw akwan a wɔfa do ko tia mmoa a wɔkyere mmoa we wɔ abɔntsen do atrae no mu no kwan, na wokunkum abɔntsen do atrae no mu adwumayɛfo na wuram mmoa. Aguanfo bɛyɛ mpem eduenum awotwe (850,000) na na wɔtse ɔman no mmɔntsen do atrae no ho hyia wɔ afe duakron eduakronaanan (1994). Nyimpa bɛyɛ mpem eduaanan (40,000) na wɔhyɛn abɔntsen do da biara da kɔhwehwɛ nnua na edziban, na wotwaa kwae wɔ mmeae akɛse. Wɔ afe duakron eduakronaanan mu no (1994), wɔdze Virunga Ɔman Mmoa Yɛmmea no hyɛɛ Wiadze Agyapadze a ɔwɔ Asiane mu no dzin mu.

Ber a Congo ko a ɔtɔ do ebien no baa awiei no, akasakasa a ɔkɔɔ do wɔ abɔntsen do adwumayɛfo na atuatewfo akuw ntam; Wokunkum abɔntsen do adwumayɛfo eduawɔtwe (80) wɔ afe duakron eduakron asia (1996) na afe mpem ebien na ebasa (2003) ntam. Atuatewfo akuw pii a wokurakura akodze yɛ adwuma wɔ abɔntsen so atrae hɔ, a Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda na National Congress for the Defense of the People (FDLR) ka ho. Nea etwa do no na odzii Mikeno fa a ɔwɔ Virunga Ɔman Mmoa Yɛmmea no do wɔ bosoom mumu(December) na afe mpem ebien na esia (2006) na bosoom Sanda (January) na afe mpem ebien na akron (2009) ntam.

Wɔ afe 2005 mu no, Europa Bagua (EC) kamfoo kyerɛw dɛ ɔman no aban na Britania ahyehyɛdze a ɛnyɛ aban dze a wɔfrɛ no African Conservation Fund nyɛ ɔman na ankorankoro ayɔnkofa. Ahyehyɛdze a otwa tow no na ɔhwɛ abɔntsen do atrae do fir afe 2010; bɛyɛ 80% wɔ adwumayɛ ho ka no mu no, EC na ɔboa. Wɔdze mmɔdzenbɔ a wɔbɔe dɛ wɔbɛbɔ abɔntsen do atrae no ho ban no yɛɛ asraafo wɔ mfe a edzi hɔ no mu dze siw atuatewfo akuw a wokurakura akodze na abɔmmɔfo kwan dɛ wɔbɛyɛ adwuma wɔ abɔntsen do atrae no mu. Wɔma Park adwumayɛfoɔ ntsetseeyɛ a ɔfa asraafo a wɔka ho na akodze a ɔyɛ papa, na wɔnye asraafo na ɔman no ahobanbɔ adwumayɛfo bom yɛ adwuma.

Hɔn abɔ saa akwan horow yi a wɔkasa tsia no dɛ "asraafo a wɔdze ndzɛmba a wɔkora do" no ho asodzi ato basabasayɛ na ndzɛmba a wogye fir hɔn nsam foforo a ɔhɔnom aborɔfo hyia no do. Hɔn ahyɛ mpɔtam tse dɛ Mbutsi a kan no na wɔdze hɔn ho to nsase a ɔka abɔntsen do atrae no ho do dɛ wobenya edziban na daber do no afi mu, anaadɛ asiane mu dɛ abɔntsen do atrae do ahwɛfo a wokurakura akodze bɛkyere hɔn anaadɛ wobekum hɔn.

Hɔn abɔ abɔdze a wɔkora do a wɔdze asraafo reyɛ kɛse no sobo dɛ ɔrema asraafo ekuw a wɔdze akodze reboaboa hɔn ano no ayɛ kɛse. Nyimpa a wɔtse ɔman no mmɔntsen do atrae no mu, dɛ́ wɔyɛ kuro hɔfo anaadɛ aguanfo no, dze hɔn ho to kuayɛ, abɔmmɔ, mpataayi, nnua a wotwa na fango a wɔyɛ do dze nya hɔn asetradze, na ɔno nyinaa yɛ dwumadzi ahorow a hɔn abara. Mpɔtam hɔfo nni baabi foforo biara a wɔbɛdan akɔhwehwɛ ahobambɔ, na wɔdze hɔn ho to akuw a wokurakura akodze ho banbɔ do, a wogye sika fir dwumadzi ahorow a hɔn abara no ho. Sɛnea Amanaman Nkabom Ahobambɔ Bagua no amandzebɔ bi a ofi afe 2010 mu kyerɛ no, fango a Goma kuropɔn no dzi no mu 80% fir abɔntsen do atrae hɔ, a ɔkyerɛ dɛ afe biara bo yɛ U.S. dɔla ɔpepem 28–30. Ɔman ahobambɔ adwumayɛbea na ekuw a ɔtsetse saa nyinaa nso dze akodze dzi adwowtwa na nkurɔfo a wɔkyere hɔn sie dze hwehwɛ sika.

Mmɔdzen a hɔn abɔ dɛ wɔbɛkora abɔdze do no anya nkɛntsɛndo a ɔbɔ abira, dɛ nhwɛdo no, ber a wɔsɛee mfuw wɔ Kibirizi mu, na wɔsomaa asraafo na abɔntsen do awɛmfo baa hɔ dɛ hɔn kɔhwɛ abɔntsen do atrae no, nkurɔfo tu kɔɔ akyir mpo wɔ abɔntsen do atrae no mu kɔɔ asase a FDLR dzi do do, baabi a wobetumi agye nsase nkakraba a ɔyɛ asase. Mpɔtam hɔfo anya nkatse bɔn wɔ abɔntsen do adwumayɛfo na asraafo ho. Ntawntawdzi sii wɔ afe 2015 mu ber a mpɔtam hɔ Mai-Mai kuw bi a ɔwɔ Binza (Bwisha atsifi fam) bɔɔ mmɔdzen dɛ wɔbɛsan agye ɔmantam no do tumi, a na hɔn botae nye dɛ wɔbɛsan dze mpataayi dwumadzi ahorow esi hɔ na hɔn ama ɔmanfo no asan aba, na ekunkum ɔwɛmfo bi a ɔhwɛ abɔntsen do na asraafo bɛyɛ 11-15.

Wokunkum ahwɛfo a wɔhwɛ mmoa do(rangers) enum(5) wɔ August 2017 mu wɔ bebi a ɔbɛn Ɔtare Edward wɔ asraafo ntua mu. Wɔkumm ahwɛfo a wɔhwɛ mmoa do(rangers) enum nye ofirikafo bi wɔ April 2018 mu. Efi ber a akodzi no fii ase no, ekuw a wɔdze akodze dzi dwuma kunkum mmɔntsen do ahwɛfo(park rangers) 175 kosii April 2018. Wɔ May 2018 mu no, wokum ɔwɛmfo bi ber a na ɔrebɔ nsrahwɛfo ebien a wɔkyeree hɔn siee no ho ban. Akyir wogyaee hɔn a hɔn ampira hɔn. Nea ɔdze bae nye dɛ, wɔtoo abɔntsen do atrae no mu maa nsrahwɛfo fir June 2018 kosii Kwakwar afe duabien duakron mu(February 2019).

Wɔ April 2020 mu no, ɔnyɛ yiye koraa no, asraafo mmarima a wɔtow hyɛɛ ɔmanfo kar akwantu do no kunkum mmɔntsen do ahwɛfo 12. Bio nso wɔ Sanda afe duabien duakoro mu no(January 2021), ɔnyɛ yiye koraa no, mmarima a wokura akodze kunkum ahwɛfo enum(5) na wopiraa afoforo pii wɔ ɔtew a wɔtow hyɛɛ ɔman no mmɔntsen do no mu.

Wɔ da duabien a ɔtɔ do ebien nye bosoom Kwakwar afe duabien duakoro no(22 February 2021), Italy ananmusifo a ɔwɔ DRC a na ɔnye Wiadze Edziabn Dwumadzi no retu kwan wɔ Goma atsifi fam bɛyɛ kilomita 15, Luca Attanasio, na Italia asraafo polisini Vittorio Lacovacci na Congo karkafo Moustapha Milambo, wuwui wɔ etu a wɔtotoe no mu ber a asraafo bi a na ɔkyeree hɔn kar no, na ɔdze hɔn baa abɔntsen do no, abɔntsen do ahwɛfo hyiaa a wotumi gyee nyimpa aanan(4 people).

Asase Ho Nsɛm

Virunga Ɔman Mmoa Yɛmmea no wɔ Congo − Nile nsuo a ɔwɔ hɔ no mu. N’atsifi fam fa no ka Semliki Esubɔntsen no fa bi ho, na Albertine Rift no savanna na montane kwae nso. Wɔ sorokɔ mu no, saa ɔfa yi fi mita 680 (anammɔn 2,230) wɔ Puemba Esubɔntsen bon no mu kosi Bepɔw Stanley atsifi a ɔkorɔn sen biara a nye tsentsen yɛ mita 5,109 (anammɔn 16,762) wɔ kilomita 30 (akwansin 19) mu. Ɔman no mmɔntsen do atrae no mfinimfini fa no ka Ɔtare Edward bɛyɛ nkyem ebasa mu ebien ho kosi amanaman ntam hye a ɔnye Uganda wɔ apuei fam no. Ɔkwan ketewaa bi a ne tɛtrɛtɛ yɛ kilomita 3–5 (1.9–3.1 mi) wɔ ɔtare no atɔe fam mpoano no ka ɔman no mmɔnten so atrae no atifi na anafo fam afa horow no bom. Kesee fam fa no trɛw kɔ Ɔtare Kivu mpoano na ɔka Nyamulagira, Nyiragongo na Mikeno ogya mmepɔw a kwae a ɔwɔ mmepɔw do wɔ hɔn mmepɔw do no ho.

Virunga Ɔman Mmoa Yɛmmea no atsifi fam fa no na Uganda Semuliki Mmoa Yɛmmea, Rwenzori Mmepɔw Ɔman Mmoa Yɛmmea, nye mfinimfini fa no na Ɔhemmaa Elizabeth Ɔman Mmoa Yɛmmea. Kesee fam ɔfa no na Rwanda Ogya Bepɔw Ɔman Mmoa Yɛmmea no hye so.

Ber Tsentsen Mu Wim Bɔber

Wim tsebea a ɔwɔ Albertine Rift no nya nkɛntsɛndo wɔ Intertropical Convergence Zone na El Niño–Southern Oscillation no mu. Bosoom Ebɔw(March) kosi bosoom Esusow Aketseaba(May) mfinimfini na bosoom Fankwa(September) kosi bosoom Ɔberɛfɛw(November) nye osutɔ ber tsitsir. Nsuo a ɔtɔ ɔsram biara wɔ savanna a etwa Ɔtare Edward ho ahyia no yɛ 30–40 mm (1.2–1.6 in); oyi nye asase no fa a ɔso yɛ kusuu sen biara. Atsifi fam fa no nya osutɔ a ɔkɔ sor kodu mm 220 (8.7 in) ɔsram biara, na kesee fam fa no tɔ bɛyɛ mm 160 (inch 6.3). Sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, ɔhyew a ɔwɔ mmeae a ɔba fam no gu ahorow fir 23–28 °C (73–82 °F), na wɔ mmeae a ɔkorɔn no gu ahorow fir 16–24 °C (61–75 °F), ɔntaa nkɔ fam nsen 14 °C (57 °F).

Nhwiren a Ɔwɔ Virunga Ɔman Mmoa Yɛmmea Mu

Virunga Ɔman Mmoa Yɛmmea afifidze ahorow no ka afifidze ahorow 2,077 ho, a nnua ahorow 264 na afifide ahorow 230 a ɔwɔ Albertine Rift no mu ka ho. Virunga Ɔman Mmoa Yɛmmea no asasetaw no yɛ nsutsen na sare a ɔwɔ papyrus sedge (Cyperus papyrus), nkwaa a ɔyɛ flatsedge a ɔyɛ tratraa(C. articulatus), demmir a wɔtaa dze dzi dwuma (Phragmites mauritanica), sacaton sare (Sporobolus consimilis), ambatch (Aeschynomene elaphroxylon), conkerberry ( Carissa spinarum), krataa a wɔdze ayɛ nsɔe (Vachellia sieberiana) na kowai aba (Coccinia grandis). Wohuu dicots nkae tse dɛ Afrika caper (Capparis tomentosa), Maerua ahorow, wuram kuruwa a wɔde yɛ kuruwa(cucurbits), na enummir sunsuma(nightshades) wɔ Afrika asono(African Elephant - Loxodonta) nsõ bɔɔl(dung balls) a edzi dwuma tsitsir wɔ aba a ɔpete wɔ sare do no mu.

Montane kwae a ɔwɔ mita 1,800 kosi 2,800 (anammɔn 5,900 kosi 9,200) ntam wɔ kesee fam fa no, Ficalhoa laurifolia na Podocarpus milanjianus a nnua a nye sorokɔ bɛyɛ mita 25 (anammɔn 82) na ɔwɔ hɔ no na ɔwɔ hɔ kɛse. Afrika mmepɔw do bamboo (Yushania alpina) nyin wɔ mmeae a ɔkorɔn mita 2,300–2,600 (anammɔn 7,500–8,500). Afifidze a ɔbor mita 2,600 (anammɔn 8,500) no yɛ mmepɔw ase a Afrika nnua kɔkɔɔ (Hagenia abyssinica) a edzi kan no nyin kodu mita 3,000 (anammɔn 9,800). Nnua a ɔyɛ nwini (Erica arborea), heather na nsɔe kata mmepɔw a ɔso yɛ nwini do a ɔkɔ sor kodu mita 3,700 (anammɔn 12,100). Senecio na Lobelia ahorow no nyin wɔ mmeae akɛse a ɔhɔ yɛ petsee do na ɔkɔ sor kodu mita 8 (anammɔn 26).

Mmoa Ho Nsɛm

Virunga Ɔman Mmoa Yɛmmea no mmoa ahorow a wɔnom nufusu 196, nnomaa ahorow 706, mmoa a wɔwea fam 109 na mmoa a wɔtse nsu mu 65 dze besi afe mpem ebien na duɛbien mu(2012).

Mmoa a Wɔnom Nufusu

Mmoa a wɔyɛ mmoa a wɔtse ɔman no mmɔntsen do atrae hɔ no bi nye bepɔw do akɔre(Gorilla - G. b. beringei), kwegyadu a ɔtaa ba(common chimpanzee - Pan troglodytes), adow a nye ho yɛ sika kɔkɔɔ(golden monkey), adow a nye dua yɛ kɔkɔɔ(red tailed monkey - Cercopithecus ascanius), adow a nye dua yɛ kɔkɔɔ (C. denti), adow a nye ho yɛ bruu(blue monkey - C. mitis), adow a nye dzin yɛ Hamlyn(Hamlyn monkey - C. hamlyni), adow a nye dzin dze De Brazza(De Brazza monkey - C. neglectus), Afrika Mfinimfini fam adow a ɔyɛ tratraa a odzi nhaban a nye ho nhwi yɛ silika, nye dua tsentsen, na nye nsateaa nkakraba koraa anaadɛ onyi hɔ(Colobus - Procolobus foai), adow tuntum kɛse bi a ɔwɔ atadze fitaa, anaa agudze, na nye dua tufĩ(mantled guereza - Colobus guereza), ngodua adow(olive baboon - Papio anubis) na adow a nye hwene yɛ kɔla a ɔda tuntum na fitaa ntam, tse dɛ nsõ anaa kɔber(grey-cheeked mangabey - Lophocebus albigena).

Afrika kwae mu ɔsono (Loxodonta africana), asukɔnkɔn (Hippopotamus amphibius) na Afrika anantwinini(Buffalo - Syncerus caffer) tse ɔman no mmɔntsen do atrae no finimfin fa hɔ. Okapi (Okapia johnstoni), duiker bruu (Blue duiker - Philantomba monticola), duiker gyinabea (bay duiker - Cephalophus dorsalis), Weyns duiker (C. weynsi), duiker a n’akyi yɛ akokɔ angoa (yellow duiker - C. silvicultor), nsu mu chevrotain (water chevrotain - Hyemoschus aquaticus), asubɔntsen mu mprako kɔkɔɔ (red river hog - Potamochoerus porcus), Afrika mmoa a wɔnom nufusu a ne kɛse tse dɛ badger a ɔtena anadwo, a n’aso atsentsen, nye hwene yɛ nhama, na nye tsɛkrɛma tsentsen a ɛtrɛw, na odzi mpataakowa ne mfɔteɛ (aardvark - Orycteropus afer) na adowa a nye ho yɛ kɔkɔɔ-biribir (bongo - Tragelaphus eurycerus) na wɔkyerɛw too hɔ wɔ atsifi fam fa no wɔ afe mpem ebien na awɔtwe mu(2008). Harnessed bushbuck (T. scriptus) na kwae mu mprako kɛse (giant forest hog - Hylochoerus meinertzhageni) wɔ kesee fam fa no. Topi (Damaliscus lunatus jimela) no nyinaa akuwakuw wɔ Ɔtare Edward anafo fam wɔ Ishasha Flats mantam mu, na wɔtwa ɔhye no kɔ Uganda daa. Nwansena afoforo a ɔwɔ hɔ no bi nye Uganda kob (Kobus kob thomasi), waterbuck (K. ellipsiprymnus), na common warthog (Phacochoerus africanus).

Montane kwae a ɔwɔ mita 1,800 kosi 2,800 (anammɔn 5,900 kosi 9,200) ntam wɔ kesee fam fa no, Ficalhoa laurifolia na Podocarpus milanjianus a nnua a nye sorokɔ bɛyɛ mita 25 (anammɔn 82) na ɔwɔ hɔ no na ɔwɔ hɔ kɛse. Afrika mmepɔw do bamboo (Yushania alpina) nyin wɔ mmeae a ɔkorɔn mita 2,300–2,600 (anammɔn 7,500–8,500). Afifidze a ɔbor mita 2,600 (anammɔn 8,500) no yɛ mmepɔw ase a Afrika nnua kɔkɔɔ (Hagenia abyssinica) a edzi kan no nyin kodu mita 3,000 (anammɔn 9,800). Nnua a ɔyɛ nwini (Erica arborea), heather na nsɔe kata mmepɔw a ɔso yɛ nwini do a ɔkɔ sor kodu mita 3,700 (anammɔn 12,100). Senecio na Lobelia ahorow no nyin wɔ mmeae akɛse a ɔhɔ yɛ petsee do na ɔkɔ sor kodu mita 8 (anammɔn 26).

Mmoa a Wɔwea Fam

Semliki Asubɔntsen no ma Nile ɔdɛnkyɛm (Crocodylus niloticus) tra. Wohuu pii wɔ Ɔtare Edwards mpoano atsifi fam wɔ afe duakron eduawɔtwe awɔtwe(1988) mu nea edzi kan.

Nnomaa

Wɔ Albertine Rift no mu nnomaa a wɔwɔ hɔ no mu no, Rwenzori turaco, Rwenzori batis, Archer’s ground robin, alethe a nYe menewa yɛ kɔkɔɔ, Kivu fam akraman, apalis a nYe kɔla, apalis a akata so wɔ mmepɔw Do, ntaban kɔkɔɔ a Ɔyɛ sum, Shelley’s crimsonwing, kwae mu ɔkraman a n’anyim yɛ kɔkɔɔ, a nye nufu yɛ nsensanee wɔyɛɛ tit, blue-headed sunbird, regal sunbird, Rwenzori double-collared sunbird, spurfowl fɛfɛ na strange weaver ho kyerɛwtohɔ wɔ Virunga National Park no kesee fam fa ber a wɔyɛɛ nhwehwɛmu wɔ afe 2004. Nnomaa a wɔnyɛ hɔn a wɔtse hɔ a wɔkyerɛw hɔn dzin no bi nye Wahlberg’s eagle, African goshawk, African hobby, harrier ɔkraman, ɔkraman a ɔtaa ba, bepɔw do ɔkraman, hadeda ibis, krane a nye abotiri yɛ fitaa, abɛn a nye ho yɛ tuntum na fitaa, turaco a nye tsi yɛ tuntum, Afrika ngodua aborɔnoma, tambourine aborɔnoma, dua aborɔnoma a nye ho yɛ bruu, aborɔnoma a n’ani yɛ kɔkɔɔ, brown- ɔkraman a nye kɔn yɛ kɔkɔɔ, ɔkraman a nye koko yɛ kɔkɔɔ, ngodua akɔre a nye dua tsentsen yɛ barred, Klaas akutu, Diederik akraman, coucal a nye tsi yɛ bruu, Narina trogon, dua hoopoe a nye tsi yɛ fitaa, ɔkraman a nye kɔn yɛ fitaa, nwansena a nye dua yɛ fitaa a nye dua yɛ den, Afr a ɔyɛ ɔkyerɛwfo ican paradise flycatcher, slaty flycatcher a n’ani yɛ fitaa, African dusky flycatcher, nwansena a nye dua yɛ bruu a nye dua yɛ fitaa, bepɔw do oriole, ntɛtea a nye ho yɛ nsensanee, ntɛtea a nye koko yɛ sinamon, barbet a nye menewa yɛ fitaa, barbet a nye ho yɛ kɔkɔɔ, atɔe fam tinkerbird, tinkerbird a ne ho yɛ kɔkɔɔ , cardinal woodpecker, ngodua woodpecker, black saw-wing, Angola swallow, Alpine swift, bepɔw do greenbul, yellow-whiskered greenbul, common bulbul, nsoromma fitaa a wɔfrɛ no robin, Archer’s ground robin, robin a nye tsi nhwi yɛ fitaa, stonechat, rufous thrush, Afrika akraman, ngodua akraman, sare so pipit, sinamon bracken warbler, rufous warbler a n’anim yɛ tuntum, bepɔw do akraman kɔkɔɔ, kwae mu akraman a ɔyɛ bruu, anhweatam a ɔyɛ ahabammono, Chubb’s cisticola, banded prinia, chestnut-throated apalis, camaroptera a nye akyi yɛ fitaa, crombec a nye ho yɛ fitaa , wattle-eye a nye menewa yɛ tuntum, chinspot batis, bepɔw do illadopsis, illadopsis a nye koko yɛ fitaa, ngodua owia anomaa, kɔbere owia anomaa, malachite owia anomaa, owia anomaa a ɔwɔ kɔla, owia anomaa a ɔsakrasakra, aniwa fitaa kɔkɔɔ, Mackinnon’s shrike, Dohert y’s bushshrike, Lühder’s bushshrike, atsifi fam puffback, bepɔw sooty boubou, ɔhyew mu boubou, starling a nye dua yɛ teateaa, Sharpe’s starling, baglafecht weaver, ɔsɔfopɔn tuntum, negrofinch a nye tsi yɛ fitaa, waxbill a wɔtaa dze dzi edwuma, waxbill a nye tsi yɛ tuntum, kɔber mannikin, mannikin tuntum nye fitaa , pin-tailed whydah, Afrika citril, aba a ɔyɛ nsensanee nye aba a ɔyɛ dzen.

Mmusuakuw Ahorow

Mmusuakuw a wɔtse Virunga National Park na ne mpɔtam hɔ no bi nye:

Mbutsifo
Hutufo
Tutsifo
Basongorafo

Nsɛm Ho Amanyibɔfo a Wɔka Ho Asɛm

Virunga ho kyerɛwtohɔ no kyerɛw Virunga Ɔman Mmoa Yɛmmea do ahwɛfo edwuma na Britania ngo edwumakuw Soco International dwumadzi ahorow wɔ abɔntsen do atrae no mu. Wɔdze Ndakasi, gorilla bi a ofir abɔntsen do atrae hɔ no kaa ho asɛm wɔ tsɛlɛbihyɛn do dwumadzi na sinyi kakraa bi mu, a Netflix kyerɛwtohɔ no ka ho.