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World Conference against Racism

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World Conference against Racism
convention
LocationDurban Sesa mu
Main subjectanti-racism Sesa mu
Start time31 Dzifuu 2001 Sesa mu
End time7 Fankwa 2001 Sesa mu
OrganizerUnited Nations Sesa mu

Sɛ epɛ dɛ ihu wiadze mfɛndzanan nyina nhyiamu a odzi kan a otsia nyiyimu a ogyina nyimpa ahosu do a ɔkɔr do wɔ afe 1911 mu a, nna ɔno kenkan First Universal Races Congress.

World Conference Against Racism (WCAR) no yɛ wiadze mfɛndanan nyina nhyiamu ahorow a UNESCO ahyehyɛ a ɔhwehwɛ dɛ ndzeyɛɛ na ndzɛmba a ɔfa nyiyimu a ɔkɔ do a ogyina nyimpa ahosu do ho no no do botwa . Nhyiamu akɛse ahorow enum na seseiara etum akɔ do; afe in 1978, 1983, 2001, 2009 na 2021. Wiadze Mfɛndzanan Nyina Ɔko a Otsia Ebien no na Atopae a wɔdze sɛɛsɛɛ ndzɛmba no ekyir na wɔtseew kuw yi na dɛ mbrɛ ɔhyɛ United Nations ase ntsi, ber ara a wɔtsewee no na UNESCO hyɛɛ no dwumadzi ase dɛ mbrɛ ɔbɛyɛ a abɔdze mu nyansapɛ ho adzesua a ɔfa ebusuakuw ahorow a ɔsɛɛ nkorɔfo hɔn adwen ma wonya ahosu do nyiyimu adwen dze tsia ekuw bi no do botum etwa. Hɔn dwumadzi ahorow a odzi kan a wɔdze bɔtoo gua no mu bi nye The Race Question a ɔbɔtɔɔ gua wɔ afe 1950 mu a, enyimdzefo a wɔagyegye edzin wɔ wiadze nyina no dze hɔn nsa hyehyɛɛ ase no.

1978 Nhyiamu Kɛse No

[sesa mu | sesa ekyirsɛm]

Wɔyɛɛ Wiadze Nyina Nhyiamu kɛse a ɔko tsia nyiyimu a ogyina nyimpa ahosu do wɔ 1978 mu wɔ Geneva, wɔ ɔman Switzerland mu. Adze tsitsiriw a wɔdze hɔn adwen tsiim do ma ɔyɛɛ ma wɔfrɛɛ dɛm nhyiamu no nye ɔman South Africa mu nyiyimu na nhwehwɛenyim a ogyina ahosu ahorow do a nna ɔrokɔ do no. Nna Israelman na South Africa nkitahodzi no ka ho(nkankanara wɔ sikasɛm na nsordaafo nkitahodzi mu), adzeserɛdze a ɔno nye dɛ United Nations Security Council no bosusu "asotwe ahorow a odzi mu na ɔdze nhyɛ" bɔto South Africa do na "nyiyimu ahorow a ogyina nyimpa ahosu do a ɔkɔ do wɔ ebibir anaafo afamu" , na kasa ahorow a otsia nyiyimu a ogyina nyimpa ahosu do a ɔkɔ do wɔ ɔman South Africa mu.[1]

Nhyiamu kɛse a wɔkɔree no ekyir no, okowiee dɛ , wɔdaa kyir a wokyir tum hun a nyimpa binom gyina hɔn ahosu do nya no ,nyiyimu a ogyina ahosu do, na mpaapaamu ahorow a ɔkɔ do nyina edzi na wɔdze iyinom ho ndzɛmba guu akwan mu so, na wɔhwehwɛɛ dɛ wobenya nwomasua ho akadze ahorow dɛ mbrɛ ɔbɛyɛ a "ntseasee mapa a ɔwɔ nyimpasu ahorow nyina ntamu bɔkɔ do na woetum so ada siantsir a otwar dɛ nyimpasu ahorow nyina yɛ kor so edzi akyerɛ", na nsɛm ahorow pii a ɔkeka ho.[2]

1983 Nhyiamu Kɛse No

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Wɔyɛɛ nhyiamu kɛse yi a otsia Nyiyimu a ogyina nyimpa ahosu do no wɔ Geneva, a ɔwɔ ɔman Switzerland mu.

2001 Nhyiamu Kɛse No

[sesa mu | sesa ekyirsɛm]

Afe 2001 mu nhyiamu kɛse a UNfo hwɛe ma ɔkɔr do no, wɔyɛɛ no Durban, a ɔwɔ ɔman South Africa mu, fitsi Dzifuu 31 dze kesi Fankwa 31 mu wɔ afe kor noara mu. Dɛm ber no mu no, kan Irelandman no ne mampanyin a ɔdze Mary Robinson, a nna ɔsan yɛ UN mu panyin paara a ɔhwɛ Nyimpa Hɔn Fahodzi do no na odzii dwuma dɛ hɔn a nna woehyia mu no hɔn kyerɛkyerɛwfo.

Dzin a wɔdze too do a nna ɔyɛ "Wiadze Mfɛndzanan Nyina Nhyiamu Kɛse a Otsia Nyiyimu a Ogyina Ahosu do, ebusuakuw bi mu nyiyimu, Nyimpakuw bi ho tan na Nyiyimu ahorow a ɔkeka ho " (World Conference Against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance) no, nna dza nhyiamu no repɛ ayɛ nye dɛ nkyɛ wɔbɔtoatoa adwen afa nyiyimu a nyimpakuw bi da edzi kyerɛ nyimpa kuw afofor no. Wɔgyee ber dze hɔn enyi tsiim mbrɛ Israelfo si yɛ Palestinefo[3], na wɔhwɛɛ mbrɛ wobesi ama nyimpa ne fahodzi a wotsiatsia do na nyimpa ekunkum ekunkum na ndzɛmba ne nsɛe nyina do botwa wɔ wiadze mfɛndzanan nyina do.

Afe 2001 mu nhyiamu no mu no, ntawantawa pii na ɔkɔr do a nna ɔfa Wiadze ne Finimfin Epuei afamufo ho na nkowaasom so ho a dɛm ber kor noara mu so no nna binom asoɛr a wɔroko tsia Israelfo na binom so reyɛ ɔyɛkyerɛ ahorow dze etsia Israelman wɔ nhyiamu fofor bi so a nna ndwumakuw ahorow a wɔnnhyɛ aban ase so reyɛ ase. Nhyiamu no ase no, US na Israel annye nkaafo no anntoa do na woyii hɔn ho fi mu osiandɛ nna hɔn enyi anngye nsusui bi a ɔbae ho a nna hɔn adwen mu no wohu no dɛ ɔkasae tsiaa Israel nko na ɔdze Zionism totoo Nyiyimu a ogyina nyimpa ahosu do ho.[4] [5]Europe aman no hɔn nkabɔmu kuw no so anngye Kramosom Aman no hɔn nsɛm a wɔkaa fa Israelman no ho dɛ "ɔyɛ nyiyimu no" annto mu.[6]

Nhyiamu no ase no, Ebibir mu aman ahorow a nna Alataman no na Zimbabwe man no dzi hɔn enyim a Ebibifo a wɔsan yɛ Amɛrekafo hɔn ndwumakuw a wɔnnhyɛ aban ase ka ho bi hwehwɛɛ dɛ ɔman biara nhwɛ mmpa kyɛw wɔ nkowaasom a ɔnam hɔn do ma ɔbae no, na wɔngye so nto mu dɛ dza wɔyɛe no yɛ bɔn a otsia adasa nyina, na otwar dɛ wɔhwɛ dze mpatadze ma. N'ewiekyir no, Europe aman no nye UKman no yɛɛ adwen ma dza Ebibir mu aman no nyae ara nye dɛ wɔhyɛɛ hɔn bɔ dɛ wɔbɔboa hɔn wɔ Ebibir mu Nhyehyɛɛ Fofor no mu, dɛ wobeyi hɔn do kaw a wɔdze no bi, dɛ wɔbɛma hɔn sika ma wɔdze ako yarba AIDS, na wɔahwɛ ma sika a hɔn a wobedzii dɛm aman yi do na hɔn aboafo a wɔka hɔn ho dze kɔree no nyina bɛsan abɛka hɔn nsa, na nyimpa a wɔdze hɔn kɔ aman afofor do a ommfi hɔnankasa hɔn pɛ mu nyina do botwa. Mbom no, "Mpatadze" a nkyɛ nna wɔreper no hɔn nsa annka.[7]

2009 Nhyiamu Kɛse No

[sesa mu | sesa ekyirsɛm]

Afe 2009 mu na wiadze mfɛndzanan nyina Nhyiamu kɛse a otsia Nyiyimu a Ogyina nyimpa ahosu do no baa do wɔ Geneva, wɔ Switzerlandman no mu.

"Aman bi tse dɛ Canada, Israel, United States of America, New Zealand, Germany[8] , Italy[9], Sweden[10] , Netherlands[11] Poland[12] , Poland na Australiaman[13] a ekyir a ɔbɛkaa hɔn ho nyina dze too gua dɛ wɔnnkɔkɔ nhyiamu no bi."

BBC kaseebɔ kuw no hɔn Mark Mardell dze too gua dɛ: Dwowda no a nkyɛ nhyiamu no bɛhyɛ ase no ara na, Italyman no hɔn Soafo a ɔhwɛ aman fofor na Italy ntamu nkitahodzi do a wɔfrɛ no Franco Frattini( a nkyɛ ɔno nye Europe mu panyin paara a ɔhwɛ pɛrpɛryɛ na atsɛntsenee do wɔ Europe) dze too Italy dawurbɔ krataa a ɔdze Il Giornale enyim dɛ gye a Europe aman anngye akwankyerɛ a wɔfae bɔɔ mu no annto mu no nna "ɔyɛ mfom kɛse" osiandɛ ɔmmfa ho nye ɔkasa dodow a ɔkɔr do a ɔfa iyi ho nyina , dɛ mbrɛ ɔbɛyɛ a nkyɛ wobenya ɔhaw bi a ɔtse dɛ nyiyimu ho anoyi no, Europe aman no mu Brussels akandzifo nyina petu dɛ wɔdwen biribi a ɔtse dɛm ho naaso woenntum ammboa ma dɛm enyidoadzehu yi ammba mu.

Frattini sanee dze sɔɔw do dɛ, "Mususu dɛ nna omuo dɛnara mpo a nna dza nkorɔfo repɛ ara nye dɛ wobenya akwankyerɛ bi. Na iyi mu no, ɔmmfa ho nye nsɛm a nkrataa a wɔyɛe osian Geneva nhyiamu no ntsi mpo no, sɛ yɛdze nsesa a oye kakra no to nkyɛn a , wɔdze akwankyerɛ ato hɔ a ama Israelman a ɔyɛ ka-bi-ma-menka-bi ɔman no adan ɔman a ɔma nyiyimu ahorow kɔ do. Yɛda ho ara wɔ nsɛmfua bi a onnyi dɛ nkyɛ ɔba , na sɛ EU asoafo kɔr do ara gyinaa dza wɔkaa no hɔnankasa hɔɔn nhyiamu no ase no do a, nkyɛ nkorɔfo beberee na wɔbɛyɛ hɔn adwen dɛ wɔnnkɔkɔ nhyiamu a ɔtse dɛm no – dɛ mbrɛ aman bi tse dɛ United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, na Netherlands abɛka hɛnho ma yɛafa adwen a ɔtse dɛm no."(Mark Mardell, BBC Kaseebɔ Kuw)

New Zealand no soafo a ɔhwɛ Amanandze ho nsɛm do a ɔdze Murray McCully kaa dɛ n’enyi nngye nsɛmfua a wɔdze kyerɛɛw nhwehwɛmu no dɛ obesiw nhyiamu no kwan dɛ “ɔresan ekyir akɔ ekyingyegye a ɔyɛ ebufuw na ɔnnsow aba no a ɔkɔr do wɔ afe 2001 mu no mu,” na ɔdze bɔtoo gua dɛ ɔhaw no dɛ Nkramofo aman botum dze edzi dwuma dze akasa etsia Israel na wɔatsew fahodzi a ɔwɔw kasa mu no do sɛ ɔba no dɛ worubu hɔn som no enyimtsia a. . (Associated Press na ɔdze dɛm amandzɛɛbɔ yi bɔtoo gua wɔ April 20 mu).

Da a worubue nhyiamu no ano no, France kaa dɛ sɛ Ahmadinejad ka nsɛm bi tsia Yudafo a, Europafo bɔsoɛr epuei. "Ɔwɔ dɛ yɛma no mu da hɔ yie. Yɛremma biribiara mmfa ho nnkɔ," France no soafo a ɔhwɛ Amanandze ho nsɛm do, Bernard Kouchner ka kyerɛɛ France Info. "Sɛ ɔka nsɛm a otsia mbusuakuw mu nyiyimu anaadɛ nsɛm a ɔkɔ tsia Yudafo a, yebefi dan no mu ntsɛmpaara."[12]


Germany esi gyinae dɛ wɔbɔtwe hɔn ho efi nhyiamu no ho wɔ atɔe famfo hɔn haw a ɔnye dɛ ebia dwumadzi no bɛfa nsɛm a ɔkɔ tsia Yudafo no, ɔpanyin bi sii do dua wɔ Yawda wɔ Berlin.[8]


Ne kasaa a ɔdze buee ano mu no, UN Ɔkyerɛwfo Panyin Ban Ki-moon kaa dɛ, "Aman bi a ɔnam hokwan ahorow do no, ɔwɔ dɛ wɔboa hɛn ma yetum bɔ kwan pa bi to hɔ ma daakye pa mu no nnyi ha. Wɔ dɛm asa ahorow yi ekyri no, ekuw a wɔwɔ ɔpɛ a wofi amambu nye adwen mu nsɛm pii kasa tsia hɔn ho hɔn ho wɔ ebufuw kwan do.""[12]

Dɛm da noara mu no, ananmusifo ɛyɛ 40 na wɔsoɛree puei ber a Iran mampanyin Mahmoud Ahmadinejad dze n'anomu nsɛm roto gua ber a ɔkyerɛe dɛ Israel yɛ "nyimpa mu nyiyimu aban" na ɔkoe tsiaa Israel amambu no ne nyɛe. France, a ɔdze kɔkɔbɔ ato hɔ dɛ obopuei no kyerɛkyerɛɛ mu dɛ ɔyɛ "ɔtan anosɛm", BBC na ɔdze bɔtoo gua.

Ntwuwfado no yɛ nyimpa dodow ntamu nkitahodzi a ɔyɛ ɔhaw kɛsenara ma United Nations [14], a nna n'enyi da do dɛ nkyɛ ɔbɛyɛ nhwɛdo ama dza UN no botum ayɛ no yie no: dɛ wɔbɛka hɔnho abɔmu etu atsɛnkyea a ɔwɔ wiadze, BBC Imogen Foulkes a ɔwɔ Geneva na ɔkae. Ne nyɛnko Jeremy Paxman kyerɛɛ ntwuwmfado no dɛ "asɛm a ɔyɛ nwanwa", na ɔkaa dɛ ɔwɔ dɛ nkorɔfo nya akwannya kasa tsia fahodzi a otwar dɛ dɛ wonya dɛ Israelfo..

Ɔmampanyin Ahmadinejad a ɔyɛ ɔkandzifo tsitsiriw kor pɛ a ɔkɔr nhyiamu no ase no kaa dɛ wɔdze Yudafo etubrafo a wofi Europa nye Amerika akɔ Mfinimfini epuei wɔ Wiadze Ko II no ekyir no "dɛ mbrɛ ɔbɛyɛ a wɔbɛhyehyɛ aban a ɔkyerɛ ebusua mu nyiyimu wɔ Palestina a wɔafa no mu". Ɔtoaa do dze nam nsɛm asekyerɛfo bi do dɛ: “ Nokwasɛm nye dɛ, wɔdze reyɛ mpatadze ama nsunsuando bɔn a ɔbae no, wɔboae ma wɔdze aban a ne tsirmu yɛ dzen na ɔyɛ mbusua mu nyiyimu a ɔwɔ Palestine no.” France Ɔnanmusifo Jean-Baptiste Mattei kaa dɛ: “Ɔhyɛɛ ase dɛ oriyi nsɛmbisa a Yudafo nye Israelfo no bisae no, yennyi ngyinado biara dɛ yɛbɛtsena dan no mu.” [14]

Britania ɔnanmusifo Peter Gooderham a ɔno so ka hɔn a wofii hɔ no ho no kaa dɛ Ahmadinejad ne nsɛm no yɛ "ebufuw nye ɔhyew". "Ɔnnsɛ dɛ nsɛm a ɔyɛ ebufuw a ɔtse dɛm a ɔkasa tsia Yudafo no nnya baabiara wɔ UN nhyiamu a ɔko tsia mbusua mu nyiyimu mu", ɔdze too gua wɔ ber a nna nsɛnkyerɛwfo ehyia mu. (BBC amandzɛɛbɔ).

United Nations[15] dze Ahmadinejad n'anomu nsɛm too intanɛtse do, nye Foreign Policy Journal, intanɛtse do nsɛm ho amandzɛɛbɔfo, dze ahoper dze ho nsɛm bae. [16]

2021 Nhyiamu Kɛse No

[sesa mu | sesa ekyirsɛm]

Fankwa 2021 mu no, UN General Assembly kasae wɔ hɔn afe a ɔtɔ do 20 no no mu wɔ ne nhyiamu a wɔyɛe wɔ afe 2001 mu, na wɔnam bɔ a wɔhyɛe dɛ wɔbɔbɔ hɔn mbɔdzen a wɔdze roko etsia nyimpa nyiyimu no ho. Albania, Australia, Austria, Bulgaria, Canada, Colombia, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Estonia, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Honduras, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Montenegro, Moldova, Netherlands, New Zealand, Macedonia Etsifi afamu, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, na wɔbraa dwumadzi no. Europe Nkabɔmu kuw (EU) no so annkasa wɔ dwumadzi no ase.

See also

[sesa mu | sesa ekyirsɛm]

Mboaedze

[sesa mu | sesa ekyirsɛm]
  1. ↑ https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N79/055/79/PDF/N7905579.pdf?OpenElement
  2. ↑ https://www.un.org/en/conferences/racism/geneva1978
  3. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20250311021725/https://www.un.org/WCAR/durban.pdf
  4. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20231229201421/https://edition.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/africa/09/04/racism.main/index.html
  5. ↑ https://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/04/world/racism-walkout-overview-us-israelis-quit-racism-talks-over-denunciation.html
  6. ↑ https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/2009/03/02/un-rights-chief-backs-anti-racism-conference/
  7. ↑ https://www.theguardian.com/world/2001/sep/09/race.chrismcgreal
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Whatley, Stuart (16 April 2009). "Germany To Boycott Durban II Anti-Racism Conference". The Huffington Post.
  9. ↑ Sofer, Roni (2009-03-05). "Italy to boycott Durban 2". Ynetnews (in English). Retrieved 2021-07-24.
  10. ↑ "Sverige boykotter racismekonference". Politiken - Den levende avis (in Danish). Retrieved 2025-06-01.
  11. ↑ [1][dead link], AP 19 April 2009
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 "RFI - France calls for firm EU action after Ahmadinejad dubs Israel racist". www1.rfi.fr. Retrieved 2021-07-24.
  13. ↑ The Australians delayed their decision to withdraw to properly consult other nations on the conference platform. Within a day of learning that the draft was not ready, they announced they were joining the boycott. See:
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Walkout at Iran leader's speech". BBC. 20 April 2009. Retrieved 25 January 2011.
  15. ↑ "Live webcast – Durban Review Conference". Retrieved 22 April 2009.
  16. ↑ "Full Text of President Ahmadinejad's Remarks at U.N. Conference on Racism". Foreign Policy Journal. 21 April 2009. Retrieved 22 April 2009.
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